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Currently, we are facing a new wave of viruses, which considerably increases during the winter periods the possibility of contracting respiratory conditions such as flu, colds and covid. These diseases are caused by different viruses that spread both through the air and through physical contact, with sneezing, coughing and contact with hands being the main routes of transmission. In closed environments, where ventilation is limited, the risk of contagion intensifies even more.
Faced with this panorama, a key question arises:
How to identify if I have a common cold, flu or covid?
There are differences between the cold, the flu and covid that can help us identify which of them we suffer from:
The first thing that differentiates them is the onset: the cold does not start suddenly, but the flu and covid do.
Another important difference is that a cold is not usually accompanied by fever or, in any case, only a low-grade fever (less than 38 degrees). On the other hand, flu and covid usually cause high fever.
There is a detail that can help distinguish between flu and covid. In the first case, the fever usually goes down after three or four days with the help of antipyretics. In the case of covid, the fever can be high and persistent, although this does not usually occur in children.
And here we can point out a fourth difference: the cold is overcome in a few days; The flu usually lasts a week; and covid may last a little longer.
CHART OF SYMPTOMS:
| CHARACTERISTIC | A COLD | FLU | COVID |
|---|---|---|---|
| SUDDEN ONSET | NO | YEAH | YEAH |
| FEVER | NO, OR JUST FEVER | YES, HIGH | MAY BE PERSISTENT |
| NASAL MUCOS | YEAH | YEAH | YEAH |
| SNEEZES | YEAH | UNCOMMON | UNCOMMON |
| HEADACHE, THROAT | YEAH | YEAH | YEAH |
| COUGH | UNCOMMON, WITH Snot | SNOTTY | YES, DRY |
| GENERAL DISCOMFORT AND JOINT PAIN | NO | YEAH | YEAH |
| FATIGUE | NO | YEAH | YEAH |
| LOSS OF SMELL | INFREQUENT | INFREQUENT | MORE FREQUENT AND PERSISTENT |
| LOSS OF TASTE | INFREQUENT | INFREQUENT | MORE FREQUENT AND PERSISTENT |
| DIARRHEA | NO | INFREQUENT | FREQUENT |
| VOMITING | NO | INFREQUENT | FREQUENT |
| BREATHING DIFFICULTY | NO | IT MAY BE, WITH PREVIOUS DISEASES | IT MAY BE, WITH PREVIOUS DISEASES |
| EVOLUTION | IMPROVEMENT AFTER A FEW DAYS | RECOVERY IN ONE OR TWO WEEKS | RECOVERY IN TWO OR THREE WEEKS |
How to prevent the Cold, Flu or Covid and treat them?
Antibiotics do not cure any of the three diseases. In fact, there are no medications that cure them, but some, such as pain relievers and antipyretics, combined with rest and good hydration, help relieve the discomfort.
There are also specific treatments for serious cases of flu or covid or in high-risk people, in which some antiviral medications can be used, always under medical prescription.
To try to prevent them, you can follow these tips from the Department of Health, among which are:
When you cough or sneeze, cover your nose and mouth with a tissue and throw it in the trash.
Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for about twenty seconds or with an alcohol-based hand rub.
Ventilate closed spaces for at least fifteen minutes a day.
Protect yourself from the cold.
Hydrate yourself well.
In autumn and winter, the flu and Covid vaccination campaign is carried out, effective in reducing complications and hospital admissions. They are indicated for people over 60 years of age, people with chronic health problems and risk factors, pregnant women and postpartum women up to 6 months, and people with immunosuppression, among others. Also in family members, cohabitants or caregivers of these people.
Currently, flu vaccination is also recommended in children from 6 months to 4 years (up to 59 months) since this age group is not only one of those that suffers the most from the infection, but can also present serious illnesses.
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