Sunscreen. Types and which one to choose.

Solar Filters: Which One to Choose?

We cannot say that one sunscreen is better than another, but we can say that some are more suitable depending on skin type and texture preferences. To help you choose the most suitable one, here I explain how they work and their advantages and disadvantages.

Chemical Filters

• Formulation: They are made with chemical compounds such as avobenzone, octocrylene, octisalate and oxybenzone.
• How they work: They absorb UV rays and convert them into heat, which the skin releases. They act like a sponge that prevents rays from damaging the skin.
• Presentation: They are found in creams, gels and sprays.

Advantages:

• They are light and easy to apply.
• They don't leave a white residue on the skin, which is great for all skin tones, especially darker ones.
• They are more resistant to water, perfect for athletes and people who do outdoor activities.

Disadvantages:

• They may cause irritation or sensitivity in some people.
• They should be applied half an hour before sun exposure.
• Some do not protect as well against certain types of UV rays unless they are specifically formulated to do so.

Physical Filters

• Formulation: They use ingredients such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, which stay on the surface of the skin and act as a shield.
• How they work: They reflect UV rays, preventing them from penetrating the skin.

Advantages:

• They are a good option for people with sensitive skin or allergies to chemicals.
• They offer protection against a broad spectrum of UV rays, including UVA and UVB.
• They are ideal for sensitive skin or people with allergies, as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are less irritating than chemical ingredients.
• They provide immediate protection after application.
• They are very resistant to water and sweat.

Disadvantages:

• They are thicker and can leave a visible white residue, especially on dark skin.
• Their dense texture makes them more difficult to apply.
• They can clog pores and cause acne breakouts in some people.
• There are fewer options available compared to chemical filters.

Hybrid Formulas

There are also sunscreens that combine chemical and physical filters. These products are designed to take advantage of both types of filters and provide broad and effective protection against UV rays. Some brands call them 'broad spectrum'. The combination of chemical and physical filters can offer several benefits:

• A lighter and more transparent texture.
• Additional protection thanks to physical ingredients that reflect UV radiation.

These sunscreens combine chemical and physical filters, offering the best of both worlds. They are useful for people with different skin types and application preferences. However, the effectiveness and safety of these products depend on the quality of their formulation and the ingredients used.

Biological Filters

These filters use natural or biological ingredients instead of synthetic substances. Common ingredients include zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, and plant extracts, which act as a physical barrier against UV rays. Many of these products are formulated with certified organic ingredients, making them environmentally friendly. To ensure their effectiveness, it is important to apply and reapply them correctly, just like any other sunscreen.

What to Consider When Choosing the Right Protector

Before we talked only about skin phototypes, but now we talk about personalized photoprotection. There are several factors to consider:

1. Skin Type: It is important to know your skin type (sensitive, acneic, blemished, etc.) and if you have any reaction to certain ingredients.
2. Needs and Preferences: Choose the protector according to your activities and preferences. A protector for daily use in the city is not the same as one for athletes, which must be resistant to sweat and water.
3. Texture and Presentation: The texture and how the protector is applied is crucial. If you like the way it feels on your skin, you're more likely to use it correctly.

Sun Protection Factor (SPF)

• Recommendations: The American Academy of Dermatology suggests using at least SPF 30 for daily use and SPF 50+ for prolonged outdoor activities or intense sun exposure.
• Brand Trust: It is essential to choose trusted brands that have been dermatologically tested and meet safety and effectiveness standards.